![]() ![]() doi:10.The study of sociology is akin to assembling a complex jigsaw puzzle, with each piece representing a distinct theory that contributes to the overall picture of human society. The Nature of Functionalism in Social Science. In cases when these functions are not fulfilled, dysfunction occurs, threatening social stability and society as a whole. As a social institution, the educational system is represented by a variety of manifest and latent functions, including the transmission of culture and knowledge, socialization, generation gap establishment, and skill acquisition. In summary, the structural functionalism school strives to describe social institutions and phenomena from the point of view of their functions in society. Absenteeism, antisocial behavior, hostility towards teachers and other students, and failure to find employment after completing the education are also examples of dysfunction. For instance, students consistently getting bad grades and failing to graduate is a dysfunction of education as a process. ![]() Within the educational system, adverse outcomes for individual students and students as a group can be viewed as dysfunctions. In social structuralism, dysfunction is an outcome that disrupts social stability (Majumdar, 2021). However, they are not always realized, and the failure of a process to produce both intended and unintentional consequences beneficial for society is a dysfunction. Manifest and latent functions of a system being achieved should be considered the ideal outcome for society. Thus, education as a social process educates students and prepares them for a life in society in a variety of ways. For example, time management and teamwork skills developed in school are the latent functions of the educational system. In addition, numerous skills acquired at an educational institution can be viewed as latent functions of formal education. It can be contended that through daily communication of students of the same age, peer groups are established, contributing to developing a generation gap characterized by the establishment of new behavioral norms and new beliefs. The educational system has various unintended outcomes of its operation in society. Thus, a latent function is an unintended outcome of a social feature or process that is not widely recognized or acknowledged by its members (Taylor, Taylor-Neu, & Butterwick, 2018). However, they can also present unintended functions that are not always apparent to the system’s participants. Social processes and institutions are often designed to benefit society intentionally. ![]() Overall, the educational system is characterized by manifest functions aimed at preparing students to be functional members of society. It can be argued that the socialization of students and their ability to secure and improve their standing in society or social mobility also present crucial manifest functions of education. The leading expected outcome is the transmission of knowledge and society’s culture, customs, and traditions to the next generation. There are several manifest functions associated with formal education. The manifest function can also be viewed as the expected outcome of engagement in the system or process. It can be defined as an intended and expected consequence widely recognized by all participants in the system (Taylor, Taylor-Neu, & Butterwick, 2018). The manifest function is the primary function of a feature or process in society. ![]()
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